How to Tell You’re Ready for Language Exchange

Learning a new language requires a significant undertaking, and deciding when to move from individual study to interactive conversation can be difficult. Language exchange, a reciprocal arrangement where two individuals help one another by conversing in their respective native languages, provides authentic speaking practice and insight into everyday usage. However, many people question whether they’re ready for this step. Here, we’ll identify key indicators that show you’re prepared for language exchange, including a fluency readiness checklist.

Why is Language Exchange the Next Step to Fluency?

Language is a skill, and like any skill, the only way to improve is by doing. Although flashcards and classrooms are helpful, to be truly fluent, you need to use the language in real interactions. Speaking practice propels your progress in ways that self-study alone cannot. In conversations, you need to recall words in real-time, pronounce them clearly, listen actively to responses, and adjust when you don’t understand. Language exchange is, therefore, one of the best tools on your journey to fluency.

Research conducted by Heinzmann, Paul, Hilbe, et al. (2022), "Development of productive language skills through language exchange in primary schools in Switzerland – An exploratory intervention study," confirms this. They found that even a one-year, low-threshold language exchange led to significantly greater gains in pupils’ speaking skills, lexical richness in writing, and overall proficiency (C-test). This low-threshold exchange included about 13 hours of face-to-face tandem learning combined with classroom lessons throughout the year. The results were compared to those of students who did not participate in the language exchange portion.

Another recent study done by Zhou (2023) titled "Investigating the impact of online language exchanges on second language speaking and willingness to communicate of Chinese EFL learners: a mixed methods study" found similar results. Chinese EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students who practiced with native speakers via the Tandem app outperformed individuals who only attended traditional classes in speaking.

Beyond improving your skills, speaking with others keeps you motivated. It transforms language from an abstract subject into a tool for communication. Language exchange can rekindle your enthusiasm and accountability, which are both important when working towards fluency. Lippincott (2017), "Accountability Groups to Enhance Language Learning in a University Intensive English Program," paired lower-proficiency ESL students into fixed “accountability partners,” who jointly set weekly language-use goals, checked each other’s progress, and collaborated on both in-class and out-of-class assignments. Participants in these dyads earned higher overall course averages than a control group, with no accountability-partner student failing due to absences. Although the study was slightly different than a typical language exchange program, the aspect of having a long-term language partner showed similar results.

At first, it’s nerve-wracking, but each conversation proves that you can communicate, even if it’s imperfectly at first. With supportive exchange partners, you learn that mistakes are no big deal, they’re simply stepping stones to improvement.

6 Signs You’re Ready for a Language Exchange

Every learner’s timeline is different. Some people tend to dive into speaking early, while others wait until they’ve covered more material. There’s no strict rule for when exactly you should start; it’s really up to you. However, there are several common indicators that you’re ready to try one of the different types of language exchange. If you recognize the following in yourself, it’s a good sign you can handle (and benefit from) real conversations:

1. You have a basic foundation in the language

You don’t need to be fluent, but you should know enough to get through a simple conversation about everyday topics. For example:

• Can you introduce yourself (say your name, where you’re from, what you do)?
• Can you ask and answer basic questions like “How are you?” or “What do you do for fun?”

If you can form simple sentences in the present tense and maybe string together a few in the past/future tense, you’ve likely reached an elementary level (around A2 on the CEFR scale). Being able to “have a basic conversation” is a strong signal you’re ready to try a language exchange.

2. Your vocabulary covers everyday essentials

There’s no distinct number of vocabulary words that you have to know before you find a language partner. However, learning some of the most commonly used words can be extremely helpful. Your vocabulary should cover everyday essentials, which means high-frequency words (e.g., make, want, go, work, family, friends). If you can talk about common subjects (even in straightforward terms), you have enough vocabulary to start speaking.

Basic fluency in a language generally requires knowing around 10,000 words, while a native language speaker’s vocabulary can exceed 20,000 to 30,000 words. A “functional” beginner usually knows up to 500 words. Yet most people can engage in basic conversations with a vocabulary of between 1,000 and 3,000 words.

However, don’t focus too much on exact numbers. Having a core vocabulary can make language exchanges smoother, but you can always describe a missing word or use integrated tools for help.

3. You can understand others when they speak (at least partially)

Language exchange requires communication, which means that you’ll need to understand what your chat partner says in their native tongue. Therefore, listening comprehension is essential. For example:

• Can you recognize common phrases when listening?
• Can you comprehend beginner-level audio or slow speech?

If you can, language exchange is a good next step. If you can’t, try to practice listening through various apps, by listening to songs, or by watching movies in your target language. There are also language exchange apps that can help you practice. Tandem’s Language Parties, live audio rooms led by a host who guides the discussion, can be joined either as an active or passive participant. Members discuss different topics and practice languages, but you aren’t necessarily required to contribute. You can always just listen.

Still, listening comprehension isn’t a requirement for language exchange. You can always start by communicating with your language partner through text messages and move to audio messages before utilizing real-time audio and video calls. As long as you’re not entirely lost when hearing the language, you should be okay. Plus, a good language exchange partner will adjust to your level and help you along the way.

4. You’ve learned basic grammar structures

One of the benefits of language exchange is that it can help you learn grammar and practice it in real-time conversations. However, you should be able to formulate simple statements and questions. For example, in English, a beginner should know how to use the present tense (“I like music.”), make questions (“Do you like music?”), use common pronouns, etc.

If your target language has more challenging components (like gendered nouns, different cases, or verb conjugations), having a rough idea of those will help. The fine points will begin to make more sense once you’re using them regularly with a language partner.

5. You can handle communication breakdowns

Many people hesitate to start speaking because they fear not being able to understand something or communicate what they mean. This is part of the process, and everyone experiences it. How you handle them when they do occur is more important for going into a language exchange.

For instance, do you know how to say “Can you repeat that?” or “How do you say __?” in your target language. Are you prepared to laugh off mistakes or use gestures and context if you get stuck? If you have strategies for navigating confusion (even as simple as switching to your native language for a moment to clarify, if your language partner knows it), then you have the toolkit to manage communication. Feeling okay with not understanding every word is a huge mindset milestone in readiness.

6. You feel like you’ve hit a plateau

One of the clearest indicators of your readiness for language exchange is your own intuition. Do you feel like you’re not being challenged enough with apps or textbooks? Do you have an inclination to apply the language in real-life contexts and engage with others? Having a sense that your progress has recently plateaued is precisely the gap that language exchange can address. You may also wish to add more depth to your learning journey by exploring the cultural dimensions of your target language. Motivation and curiosity are both key readiness factors, so if the idea of conversing with a native speaker seems exciting, even if it also makes you slightly apprehensive, you’re likely ready to start language exchange.

Your Fluency Readiness Checklist

You’re probably ready for a language exchange if you resonate with the signs listed above. However, you can also use this quick checklist as a self-assessment. You don’t need a “yes” on every single item, but the more you can check off, the smoother your first language exchange is likely to go.

I can confidently greet someone (“Hello,” “Good morning,” “Hi, how are you?”) and respond appropriately.

I can introduce myself with key details like my name, where I’m from, what I do, and one personal fact.

I can ask and understand basic “getting to know you” questions (“What’s your name?”, “Where do you live?”, “What do you like to do?”) and follow up with simple answers.

I can sustain a one- to two-minute monologue about a daily routine, family, job, or hobby in short sentences without too many long pauses.

I know common courtesy phrases (“please,” “thank you,” “excuse me,” “sorry”) and use them at the right moments.

I’ve memorized key everyday vocabulary such as numbers (1–100), days of the week, colors, food items, basic travel terms, and common verbs.

I recognize high-frequency words when I hear them, even if I need a moment to process.

I can pronounce most sounds clearly enough that a native speaker understands me.

I can form simple sentences on the fly, putting words to express a clear idea, even if grammar isn’t perfect.

I can improvise when vocabulary fails me (“the thing you use to write?” → “pen”) or use synonyms and descriptions.

I can ask for clarification or repetition (“Could you repeat that, please?” “What does ___ mean?” “Can you say that more slowly?”).

I can paraphrase someone’s words to confirm understanding (“So you’re saying that…”).

I can handle short misunderstandings, pausing to regroup, and using fallback strategies like gestures, typing, or a brief switch to a shared language.

I can read simple texts or chat messages, such as short emails or social-media posts, with occasional dictionary help.

I can write basic messages, introduce myself in writing, ask simple questions, and reply to short prompts.

I feel comfortable making mistakes, accepting that errors are part of learning and can be laughed off.

I’m motivated and curious, genuinely wanting to chat, learn about my partner’s culture, and share my own.

I’ve practiced in-app speaking, sending voice notes, and using audio features on language apps and received feedback.

I can navigate a language-learning platform’s tools (translation, correction, transcription) without getting stuck.

I can set and articulate personal conversation goals, for example: “Today I want to practice ordering food.”

I’ve prepared a short script/introduction, memorizing a 30–60 second self-intro to kick off conversations smoothly.

I can identify one grammar point to focus on (e.g., past-tense forms, gendered nouns) and explain what trips me up.

I review new vocabulary after chats, adding new words and phrases to flashcards or a study list within 24 hours.

I reflect on each exchange, noting one thing I did well and one thing to improve next time.

Overcoming the Fear of Speaking

Although it’s possible to be logistically ready for a language exchange partner, it’s not uncommon for people to hold back due to a general fear of speaking. Participants who were questioned in the research by Beaven, Fuertes, and Gutiérrez (2017), "The language exchange programme: plugging the gap in formal learning," went into the process with a bit of anxiety. One participant stated, “It started by being nerve-wracking and surreal, but ended with it being a really good experience.” Another directly expressed their hesitancy despite positive feedback, “I really enjoyed the language exchange programme, but was very nervous about taking part.”

Nerves are normal, as speaking a new language can be intimidating, especially when you’re still working on your pronunciation. The important thing is not to confuse anxiety with inability. To help, here are a few recommendations to help overcome your fear.

• Adjust your mindset. Don’t wait until you feel “100% ready,” as that day may never come. Instead, embrace a growth mindset: you will learn by doing. Each time you push through a nervous conversation, the fear shrinks a little.

• Start small and casual. Your first language exchange conversation doesn’t have to be a two-hour, intense debate on politics. Start with shorter sessions with the goal of introducing yourself and exchanging some basics.

• Find a patient, like-minded language partner. The ideal language exchange partner is someone who is understanding, friendly, and helpful. Choosing a chat partner through a dedicated language exchange platform will help you connect with people who expect that you might say things wrong or need help, because they need the same from you in your language.

• Use technology to your advantage. Language exchange platforms with built-in translation or correction features can help you overcome anxiety and grow your vocabulary. Use what you have at your disposal.

Where Can I Find a Language Exchange Partner?

Embarking on language exchange can be a somewhat daunting experience, yet it represents a significant milestone in your language learning journey. It signifies the transition from theoretical knowledge to practical application, where you can forge connections and improve your grasp of the language. Simply put, you’ll make faster progress toward fluency by engaging in language exchange than by only studying it in isolation.

So, how can you tell you’re ready for a language exchange? As discussed, if you’re comfortable with the basics, have a willingness to try, and understand that mistakes are part of the process, you’re ready. You don’t need to wait for some arbitrary benchmark. Learning is an ongoing process, and fluency is a dynamic objective.

The beautiful thing is that language exchanges are not exams. They’re human-to-human interactions. Every single conversation, no matter how halting, is teaching you something and bringing you a step closer to fluency. Some great language exchange apps to help you get started include Tandem, Speaky, The Mixxer, Idyoma, italki, and more.